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No. 583,093. Patented May 25-, 1897.

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No. 583,093. Patented May 25, 1897.

A L I: I

h I IHIH I :a 5 E g Pq '03 E a WITNEESESi ||\l\/ENTUR M Mc/wZwA i 1 I 7Ab akwgrun I Q g ri UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHESTER C. SMALL, OF NEWTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNEASSIGNMENTS, TO JAMES IV. BROOKS, OF PETERSHAM, AND JOHN BROOKS, OFCAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS, TRUSTEES.

NAIL MAKING AND DISTRIBUTING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent N0. 583,093, dated May 25,1897.

Application filed October 17, 1889. Serial No. 327,387. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHESTER C. SMALL, a citizen of the United States,residingat Newton, in the county of Middlesex and State ofMassachusetts, have invented a new and usef ul Improvement in NailMaking and Distri buting Machines, of which the following is a full,clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, forming a part of this specification,in explaining its nature.

The invention is an improvement upon that described in my Patent No.375,209, dated December 20, 1887; and it relates to various details oforganization and construction, whereby a greater accuracy in thedelivery of the nail is obtained and the operative parts of the machineare more conveniently arranged.

The invention further relates to various details of construction andorganization, all of which will hereinafter be described.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of the completemachine. Fig. 2 is a view in front elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a viewin vertical section, enlarged, taken through the nail pointing andsevering dies, rolls,andfeed-rolls, showingin elevation some of theparts back of said line. Fig. 4. is a view principally in horizontalsection upon the line of the die-roll shafts. Fig. 5 is a detail view,in vertical section, to illustrate the relation which thenail-transferrer bears to the die-rolls and also showing parts of thedistributer stop mechanism and the stop mechanism for stopping thenail-making machine. Figs. 6 and 7 are detail views of the mechanism forfeeding the wire from which the nails are made and adjusting the degreeor extent of the feed. Fig. ,8, taken in connection with Fig. 7,represents an adjustment of the feedrolls, to which reference ishereinafter made. Fig. 9 is a view principally in vertical section uponthe line wccof Fig. 1. Fig. 10 isa view in plan, enlarged, of thedistributer. Fig. 11 is a view principally in vertical section of thedistributer. Fig. 12 is a view principally in vertical section upon aright angle to the section' of Fig. 11. Figs. 13 and 14 represent partsof the distribnter, to which reference is hereinafter made. Fig. 15 "isa view of the distributer in plan inverted. Fig. 16 represents therelation which the driver or clearer bears to the transferrer anddistributer passage at the end of its downward movement. Fig. 17 is asectional detail view of the parts represented in Fig. 6.

The machine as a whole embraces nailmaking devices, a nail-transferringdevice, and a nail-distributer.

The nail-making devices comprise the two rolls A A, mounted at the frontend of their respective shafts a at. These shafts have suitable bearingsat a and a in the frame -A and they are connected with each other by thegears a (1 placed close to the bearing a and the gears a a placed closeto the bearing a and near the back ends of the shafts. The shaft 0. isextended suiiiciently beyond the shaft (1 to carry a gear-Wheel 0L8, bywhich power is communicated to the shafts. The rolls A A, it will beseen, are mounted at the extreme front end of the frame and arepractically open or exposed on all sides. They carry or support thethree nail pointing and severing devices A A A (See Fig. 3.) Each ofthese nail pointing and severing devices preferably is placed quiteclose to the front surface a" of the rolls, and each preferablycomprises a male section a of a drawing-die mounted upon the roll A, andthe female or box section a of a drawing-die mounted upon the roll A,and the cut-off a and presser a The cut-offs a extend inward from theirrespective dies toward the center of the roll A, and with the dies areequidistant from each other. The roll A has a central hole 0. extendingthrough it, into which the inner ends a of the cut-offs extend. Eachpresser is forced outward by a spring C616. The shaft a, carrying theroll A, is made hollow in part, the hole at" extending from its frontend backward about half its length and receives a rod a This rod a has apointed or beveled front end a, (see Fig. 4,) and is moved lengthwisethe roll to bring its end a into contact with the ends a of the cut-offsthree times in each full revolution of the roll A. This movement isrepresented as given the rod by means of a grooved sleeve a arranged toslide a limited distance upon the shaft 0 and connected with the red atby means of a suitable connection or pin (L which passes through a slot(1 of proper length in the shaft a. The sleeve is moved at the properinterval of time by means of the lever (L23, (see Fig. 1,) pivoted atCF" to a section A of the frame and connected with the sleeve by meansof pins e which enter the groove therein, and a cam projection a on theback of a cam-disk 15, carried by the cam-shaft Z), the upper end of thelever (L23 having a cam-roll against which the cam projection a isbrought into contact and the roll is held against the back of the camdisk B by means of a spring (L27, (see Fig. 4,) attached to the frame atone end and to the lower end of the lever at the other. The cam-shaft Z)makes three revolutions for every single revolution of the shafts a a.It has bearings b near its front end in the section A of the frame and abearing Z1 near its rear end in the section A of the frame. It carriesat its rear end a loose pulley B by which the machine is driven, havingupon its hub a member 71 of the clutch, and the movable member I) of theclutch, which has a clutch member or teeth If to engage the clutch Z)",the small gear or pinion Z) to engage the drivinggear a on the shaft a,and the grooved sleeve D which receives the roll Zr on the yoke-arms I)of the straight lever b". This lever is pivoted at I), (see Fig. 5,) andhas at its lower end a long latch-bar I2 pivoted thereto and extendinghorizontally to a position to be moved by the distributor, as willhereinafter be specified. The movement of this latch bar 0 serves todisengage the driven member U of the clutch from the driving member I),while the spring Z), (see Fig. 5,) attached at one end to the frame andat its other end to the latch-barb, serves upon the release of thelatch-bar to move the driven memberlr" of the clutch into engagementwith the driving member and to hold it in such engagement until themachine is stopped by a movement of the latch-bar Z). The camshaft bcarries at its front end the cam-disk B above referred to. This cam-disknot only serves to operate the cut-offs (0 as above specified, but ithas in its face a cam-groove I), which governs the movement of the wirefeed.

The wire or nail strip feeding mechanism comprises the feed-rolls G C,placed above the die-rolls A A, and preferably having roughened orcorrugated feeding-surfaces. The roll 0 is secured to the end of a shortshaft 0, which has a bearing 0 in the section A of the frame, and itextends beyond the back face of said bearing sufficiently to receive aratchet-wheel o by which movement is imparted to it through the mediumof a lever c, pivoted or fulcrumed on the end of the shaft 0 and havinga slot c which receives aslideblock 0 which is connected by a link 0 toa cam-pin c entering the cam-groove I) of the cam-disk B, the link beingalso connected with another link 0 which is pivoted to the section A ofthe frame at c. This lever c carries from the side of its outer end twofeedpawls c 0, one of which is a little shorter than the other, andwhich engages the teeth of the ratchet 0 the spring 0 maintaining themin contact therewith. The extent of the feed movement is varied by theslide-block c and by the ratchet-covering plate a. (See Figs. 1 and 2.)The slide-block c is adjustable lengthwise the lever c by means of anadjusting-screw c having bearings at e and c on the side of the lever oand passing through a nut c 011 the slide-block. The lever 0 also has aclamp operated bya screw e to embrace a section of the adjListing-screw, and by means of which the adjusting-screw is locked inany desired position after it has been turned to adjust or move theslide-block The movement of the slide-block upon the lever c of coursevaries the range or extent of movement of the feed-pawls c a". Whenmoved outward, it decreases the extent of such movement, and when movedinward or toward the fulcrum it increases it. The slide-plate c fixesthe point at which the pawls engage the ratchet. It is hung upon theshaft 0, between the ratchet-wheel and the bearing 0', and it is shapedto cover a section of the ratchet-teeth, and it is movable over saidteeth and is locked in any desired position by a clamp-nut e carried bya bracket c and entering a curved slot a" in the covering-plate. Byloosening the clampnut the plate may be moved. By tightening it it islocked in any desired position. feed-roll (l is eceentrically mountedupon the short shaft 0 which has a bearing (2 in the section A of theframe of the machine. It is eceentrically mounted in order that the roll0 may be moved toward and from the roll C for two reasons: first, toenable the rolls to take wire or nail strip varying in size, and,second, to enable one roll to be moved relatively in relation to theother sufliciently to permit the wire or nail strip to be easily fed tothe machine and drawn or removed from the machine. The roll 0 is ofcourse free to rotate on its eccentric bearing, the shaft being onlyrotated for the purpose of changing the position of the eccentricbearing of the roll, and this movement is imparted to it by means of alever 0 secured to its rear end c having a handle 0 and a clamp-nut 0which is connected by a screw with the lever, the screw passing throughacurved slot 0 in a fixed plate a against the face of which the clam p-nut is brought to bear to lock the lever. (See Fig. 6.) The wire or nailstock is fed to the feed-rolls through a throat e and from thefeed-rolls to the pointing and severing devices through another throat ein a fixed tube 0 This completes the mechanism for making and severingthe nails.

To receive the severed nails as they are The- IIO

made and to transfer them to a position from which they are fed to thedistributer, I use a block E, mounted upon or form ed at the frontsection A of the frame.

end of a slide-bar 6, (see Fig. 3,) shaped at its upper end to bring itssurfaces 6 e as close to the rolls as possible and still provide roomfor the throat or passage 6 (See Fig. 3.) The passage 6 in the block isvertical and of an extent sufficient to take the longest nail, and it isopen at the top and bottomat the top to receive the nails as they aremade and severed, at the bottom to deliver them, as will hereinafter bespecified, when they have been moved to the delivery-point. To hold thenails in the throat or passage while they are being moved from one pointto the other, I have arranged a plate e immediately below it and overwhich the block is reciprocated. This plate is fastened to the base- Thetransferrer and its block E are given a traversing movement by means ofthe cylinder-cam e on thecamshaft 1), the lever e, which is pivoted at 6and has a cam-pin a to enter the groove of the cylinder-cam c and isconnected at its lower end by a link e with the end of the slide 6. (SeeFig. 1.) The slide is detachably secured to the link by means of aremovable pin e The cam is timed to hold the carrier or transferrer Ewith its throat in position to receive the end of the nail strip or wireas it is fed and while it is being severed, and to then rapidly transferor move the carrier to a position from which it is discharged .from thethroat or passage and to hold it during the operation of the dischargingdevice and to then return it to its original position to receive thenext nail in order. This completes the mechanism for transferring orcarrying the nail after it has been made.

The distributer comprises a single distributing-tube F, having its upperend f attached or secured to a ball-holder f, having a hole incontinuation of the hole in the end f and held in a cup f in a cross-baror support f The upper end of the tube or the throat or entrance isalways in the same position, and that is beneath and in line with thehole f formed at the outer end of the plate a. The tube itself is curvedto bring its lower or delivery end out of line with a vertical linedrawn through the hole f and the entrance to the tube, and is movableradially and also rotated or turned so that its delivery end is causedto be advanced from one position to another. The lower end of the tubeenters the upper end of a cylindrical sleeve f which is secured to aslide f and carries at its lower end a cam-roll f The slide is supportedby a rotary plate f, the plate having two parallel slots f extendingfrom nearly across the same,and aradial slot f between them. Thecylindrical piece f passes through the slot f The slide or block f ispreferably made in two sections f f which are secured together by thecylindrical piece f and by pins j, which pass through ears formed ineach of them and through the slots f These slots f also hold thecoil-springs f, and each of which is attached at one end to the plate fand at the other end to the pins f, connecting the two plates f ftogether. These pins f and the cylindrical piece f are of a boresufficient to fit the slots in which they are moved. The lower end ofthe tube F is loosely fitted to the upper end of the sleeve f Thisconstruction insures an easy movement to the slide-block and to thethroat, and the employment of springs of durability provides a movementsufficient for the purposes to which the distributer is put. The plate fis mounted to be rotated upon the carriage f, the carriagehavin g acylindrical recess to receive it. The carriage has the annular sectionJ, in which this cylindrical recess is formed, and a projecting sectionf", the side edges of which are provided with tongues f which entergrooves f in the supporting-leg f of the frame of the machine, to whichthe extension is secured by a spring-pin f which enters a hole f in oneof the tongues f This construction provides for the support of thedistributer from the front end of the machine and in an exposed positionand so that it is removable from the machine by simply operating thespring-pin f. The annular part f of the carriage supports the workingparts of the distributer, which, in addition to those above named,include the ratchet-plate f having the ratchet-teeth f in its edge (seeFig. 10) and provided with the T-shaped slot f This is the feedratchet-plate. It is attached, together with the stop ratchetring fhaving the ratchet-teeth f, to the plate f by screws or in any othersuitable way to rotate therewith, and there is attached in a recess f inthe lower surface of the annular plate f the cam-plate f having a holef, the guiding edge f of which forms the cam or guide against which thecam-pin f of the slide f bears and is held by the springs f. Thecam-plate f is held in its recess by rotary latches or holders fattached to the annular sectionv of the frame f close to the edge of therecess f by screws and having one edgecut away. These latches or holdersare turned by pins f (see Fig. 15,) secured to their edges, and to holdthe cam-plate in position they are turned sufficiently to bring sectionsinto the recesses f, formed in the under surface of the cam-plate. Theplate f also supports two posts f which extend upward through onesection of the T-slot of the ratchet-plate and support the cross-bar fThese posts are made in two parts f f, which are united with each otherby sleeves f, fastened to one of the parts of the post by the set-screwf This is for the purpose of enabling the tube to be quickly and easilydetached from the rest of the distributer, it being simply necessary toloosen the set-screws and slide down the sleeves to detach the uppercross-bar f and the tube. To prevent the tube from jamming and holdingit in place it is surrounded with a coil-spring f whichbears against awasher f at its upper end and against an adjustable collar f, secured tothe tube by a set-screw at its lower end. The plate f also carries aring f, upon which is mounted the feed-pawl f, (see Fig. 10,) andwhichengages the teeth f of the feed ratchet-plate. movement is given tothis ring. by means of the cylindrical cam f on the cam-shaft b and thelever f pivoted at f 47 and connected by a fork and pin f with a slidef, mounted in an arm or bracket f (see Fig. 1,) attached to the mainsection of the frame. The front end of this slide f is connected with apin f 011 the ring f by a link f. This link is removably secured to theslide by a pin' f in a manner to permit thepawl-ring and itsoperating-slide to be easily and quickly disconnected; The pawl f iskept 'in engagement with the edge of the ratchet-plate by the spring f.

In order that the distributer may not be thrown by or past the point atwhich a nail is to bedelivered, I employ the stop ratchetplate f abovereferred to, and I attach'to a stationary ring f, carried by the plate fa detent-pawl f. (See Fig. 10.) r This pawl is pivoted to said plate atf and is moved and held into position to engage in successive order theteeth of the detent-ring by-means of a'spring f extends outward from thedetent-plate and is adapted to be actuated by a lever f innuediatelybefore each feed movement of the distributer todisengage the detent-pawlfrom a tooth of the detent-ring with which it'is in engagement and tohold it disengaged while said tooth has been moved by or beyond the endof said pawl when thelever is moved out of the way to allow the springto move the detent into position to engage the next tooth in order. Thisdetent-operating lever f is pivoted at f (see Fig. 5) to the lugsprojectingfrom the front of the leg of the base and is connected withthe nail carrier or transferrer slide 6 to be operated thereby and byitscam. There is also attached to the distributer the stop-cam G, which islocated and shaped to bear against the end of the latchlever 12 as thedistributer approaches the end of its rotation and to then actuate orpush the latch-lever sufiiciently to cause it'to disengage the drivenfrom the driving member of the clutch.

To start the machine,tl1e latch-leveris lifted from its engagement withthe edge of this stop G either by hand or by a lever H, pivoted to theleg of the machine, havingrone arm which extends under the latch-leverand another arm which extends to any convenient point to be operatedeither automatically or by any machine by which the nail-distributingdevice may be used, and the latcharm upon being lifted suificiently toclear the cam is, by the spring I), moved over the top of the same. Thecam-stop, however, is com- A baek-and-forth- It also has an arm j, whichparatively short and soon passes beyond the .end of the latch and thelatch then falls into position tobe engaged by it after it has completedits revolution. The ring which holds the detent-lever also serves as acap-plate to secure the plate f in its recess, and as it is desirablethat the distributer should not move too easily the parts are eithersnugly fitted to cause some friction upon the plate f or there maybeinterposed between a surface of the plate and the cap-ring or thesurface upon which the plate rests a piece of leather or otherfrictional device adapted to be clamped 8o sufficiently against thesurface of said plate f to cause an appreciable friction thereon. Thedistributer not only comprises these devices, but also a discharger orclearer, which is herein represented in the form of a driver M, offlexible material, preferably wound piano-wire. This is fastened at itsupper end to aslide-bar m, adapted to be moved in suitable ways inthecasing m, extending downward in front of the feed-rolls and die-rolls.The slideis moved by means of the lever 177?, connected by a link withthe upper end of the slide, and a cam-groove m in the cam-disk m uponthe cam-shaft b. The cam is connected with the end of the lever by meansof a cam-pin-m attached to a slide m, the slidebeing suitably held bythe bracket m and being connected with the short end of the lejverby-the link m v The cam is timed to hold the driver M so that its lowerend is held above the upper end of the nailcarrier or transferrer and ata point inlinewith the hole) in the plate c and upon the transfer of thenail from the nail-severing devices to a point beneath the driver and inline with said hole the driver is caused to rapidly traverse the passageof the transferrer and of the distributer, forcing or ejecting the nailfrom the transferrer through the tube of the distributer and at theinterval of time while thetransferrer is held stationary upon itsoutward or forward movement and also while the tube of the distributeris held stationary. After this reciprocation of the driver it is held inits highest position duriu g the reverse movement of thenail-transferrer and while it is receiving a nail and until it is againfed forward, and also while the end of the distributing-tnbe is beingadvanced from one position to another by the partial rotation of itssupporting-plate. In operation the wire or nail strip is fed by thefeeding devices to the nail pointing and severing devices, a nailpointed and severed and delivered to the carrier or transferrer and byit moved into position to be discharged by the driver or ejector throughthe tube of the distributer and the driver returned, the transferrermoved back to receive another nail, and the delivery end of the tubeadvanced into a new position. These movements continue until thedistributer makes a full revolution, when the machine is automaticallystopped. By placing the sections of the dies as near the front surfaceof the rolls as possible the amount of travel of the nail-transferrin gblock or carrier is made as small as possible, and this is a verydesirable feature, because, as it is necessary to move this carrier veryquickly, the distance should be as short as possible.

It will be seen that by supplying the rolls with two or more sets ofdies, so that each full revolution of the dies points at least two nailsand preferably three, and by placing the cams upon a separate shaft andtransferring the power for driving the die-rolls from said camshaft bygearing, which reduces the speed of the cam-shaft one-half or one-third,according to the number of dies on the roll, it is possible to obtaincams which throw very quickly or are easy in their operation, while onthe other hand the action of the dies in pointing is comparatively slow,and it is especially desirable that both these results beobtainednamely,

, that the dies act comparatively slowly, while the other parts-namely,the cut-offs, transferrer, the driver, and the distributerbe movedcomparatively quickly in order to obtain the requisite amount of timenecessary for the proper operation of each part.

The die-rolls A A may be made integral with their supporting-shafts, ifdesired. For making unpointed nails the pointing-dies may be dispensedwith.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim and desire to secureby Letters Patent of the United States- 1. The combination of the roll,one or more radial cut-ofis carried thereby, having it or their endsextending to a central hole in the roll, the roll-operating shaft alsohaving a central hole, a cut-ofi-operating slide carried in the hole ofsaid shaft, and a cam for actuating the same, substantially asdescribed.

2. The combination of a roll, its radial cutoffs, the hollow shaft, thecut-oif-actuating rod carried thereby, a sleeve upon said shaftconnected with the said bar, a cam and a lever actuated thereby andconnected with the sleeve, substantially as described.

3. The combination of a series of independent, successively-operatin g,rotary nail pointing and severing dies or devices, the single nailcarrier or transferrer, the movable naildistributing tube, and anejector to traverse the passage of the transferrer and the hole of thetube, as and for the purposes described.

4. The combination of a series of independent, successively-operating,rotarynail pointing and severing dies or devices, a distributer having asingle movable distributing-tube with a nail ejector or driver totraverse said tube, substantially as described.

5. The combination, in a distributer, of the cross-bar supporting theupper end of the distributing-tube, and having a cup-shaped recesstherein, with the distributing-tube the upper end of which is held insaid cup-shaped recess by a perforated ball or hemispherical holder,substantially as described.

6. The combination of the cross-bar, the

distributer-tube, the cup in the cross-bar, the perforated-ball end ofthe tube fitting said .cup and the lower end of the tube looselyconnected with a slide-nozzle, and a spring to press downward upon thetube, substantially as described.

7. The combination in a distributer of a rotary plate having two postsextending upward therefrom and supporting a cross-bar carrying thedistributing-tube, with a springactuated slide carrying a sleeve ornozzle to which the lower end of the tube connects, a cam-roll carriedby said slide, and a cam or pattern against which the cam-roll is heldby said spring-actuated slide, substantially as described.

8. The combination of the plate having an intermittent rotary movementimparted to it and provided with the slots f and f a slide secured tosaid plate as specified, and its actuating-springs contained in saidslots, a cylindrical throat carried by said slide, and a cam or patternagainst which it is pressed by said springs, as and for the purposesdescribed.

9. The combination of the distributer-plate and single distributing tubeor nozzle carried thereby, with the feed ratchet-plate and a feed-pawlcarried by a ring having a movement upon an arc of a circle, as and forthe purposes specified.

10. The combination of a distributer, the cam for operating thefeed-pawl of the same, the intermediate slide, and a link connected withthe end of said slide by a vertical pivot andwith the ring upon whichthe feed-pawl is mounted in a manner to be detached, as and for thepurposes described.

11. The combination of the holding-plate or frame of the distributerhaving an annular hole and recess about the same, a circular plate heldin said recess by a cap-plate, feed ratchet-plate, and a stopratchet-ring carried by said rotary plate, a distributing-tube movableradially at its lower end and governed as to the extent of its outwardmovement by a cam also carried by said plate, said cam, a ring supportedby said first named plate, a reciprocating ring carrying a feed-pawl,and a stationary detent-pawl, and a cam-plate having an interior camedge or pattern secured in a recess in the under part of saidfirst-named plate, substantially as described.

12. The combination, in an organized nail making and distributingmachine of two dierolls having two or more sections of nailpointing diesthereon, the shafts supporting said rolls geared together, a cam-shaftarranged to rotate as many times faster than the roll-shafts as thereare dies upon the rolls,

and connected with one of the roll-shafts by a pinion and gear, the nailcut-offs and transferrer, and cams for operating the same upon saidcam-shaft, substantially as described.

, 13. The combination, in an organized nail making and distributingmachine of two dierolls having two or more sections of nailpointing diesthereon, the shafts supporting said rolls geared together, a cam-shaftarranged to rotate as many times faster than the roll-shaf ts as thereare dies upon the rolls, and connected with one of the roll-shafts by apinion and gear, the nail cut-oifs, transferrer, and nail ejector ordriver operated by cams upon said cam-shaft, substantially as and forthe purposes described.

11L. The combination, in an organized nail making and distributinmachine, of two dierolls having two or more sections of nailpointingdies thereon, the shafts supporting said rolls geared together, acamshaft aras and for the purposes described.

CHESTER C. SMALL.

In presence 0f-- F. F. RAYMOND, 2d, J. '1. BALL, A. P. PORTER.

